Production RAG Infrastructure

RAG Done Right

72% of enterprise RAG implementations fail in year one. We build the ones that don't — with adversarial testing, LLM-as-judge evaluation, interchangeable pipelines, and production groundedness validation.

72% Enterprise RAG Failure Rate
Adversarial Test Suites
Auto-Generated Test Cases
Swappable Configurations
Live Architecture

How We Actually Test RAG

An interactive map of our evaluation infrastructure. Click nodes to explore.

Pipeline
Evaluation
Configuration
Adversarial
Output
Side by Side

Typical RAG vs Our Approach

Most teams ship a prototype and pray. Here's what separates production-grade RAG from a demo.

Testing & Evaluation

Typical RAG

"Looks good to me"

5-10 hand-picked queries the developer knows work. Manual spot-checking at demo time, never revisited. No metrics, no regression testing, no automation.

VS
Our Approach

Systematic Evaluation Framework

Auto-generated test cases across multiple adversarial categories. Hit Rate, MRR, latency, and cost tracked per question. LLM-as-judge with chain-of-thought reasoning. CI/CD quality gates on every change.

Adversarial Resilience

Typical RAG

Never stress-tested

Zero adversarial probes. System confidently hallucinates when asked tricky questions. No handling of out-of-scope, false-premise, or ambiguous queries. Users discover failures in production.

VS
Our Approach

Multi-Vector Adversarial Testing

Auto-generated adversarial suites test hallucination bait, false premises, cross-municipality confusion, numerical precision, boundary edge cases, and more. Each judged for severity and failure type.

Hallucination Prevention

Typical RAG

Trust the LLM output

"It usually looks right." No validation. In medical contexts, chatbots have claimed drug side effects absent from source materials. Errors discovered by users.

VS
Our Approach

Runtime Groundedness Validation

Every production response is validated against source chunks by a fast validator model. Ungrounded responses trigger automatic retry with correction instructions. Exhausted retries return a safe fallback — never a hallucination.

Configuration & A/B Testing

Typical RAG

One config, never changed

"We use Ada embeddings with 500-token chunks because that's what the tutorial said." No experimentation, no comparison, no data-driven decisions.

VS
Our Approach

Registry Pattern + A/B Framework

Multiple chunking strategies, pipeline architectures, configurable models, search modes, and prompt versions — all swappable via admin UI. Run the same test set across configurations and apply the winning config to production with one click.

Cost Awareness

Typical RAG

"We have an OpenAI bill"

No per-query, per-user, or per-feature cost breakdown. Surprised by monthly bills. No understanding of which queries drive costs. Tool outputs consume 100x more tokens than user messages.

VS
Our Approach

Per-Query Cost Attribution

Model registry with pricing for every Bedrock model. Per-question cost tracking in test runs. Total cost computed for every evaluation. Test different models and see exact cost impact before deploying.

Adversarial Testing

How We Break Our Own System

Every adversarial question is auto-generated from real production data using an LLM, then judged by another LLM for severity and failure type.

Out of Scope
Questions outside the knowledge domain. Federal law, school policies, tax advice. The system must decline gracefully.
Cross-Entity
Assumes rules from entity A apply to entity B. Exploits shared terminology across different jurisdictions or documents.
Common Misconception
Where general knowledge differs from the actual source material. Fence heights, noise hours, permit requirements.
Hallucination Bait
Sound plausible but easy to fabricate. Specific fees, processes, contact info. Must answer accurately or admit uncertainty.
Ambiguous Query
Intentionally vague questions. The system should ask for clarification or cover multiple interpretations, not guess.
False Premise
Questions with incorrect assumptions baked in. The system must identify and correct the false premise before answering.
Boundary Edge Case
Nuanced edge cases: zone boundaries, grandfather clauses, mixed-use properties. Requires handling with nuance, not absolutes.
Numerical Precision
Require exact numbers from source material. Fees, distances, limits. Must report exact values, never approximate.
Swappable Everything

The Registry Pattern

Every component of the pipeline uses a Strategy + Registry pattern. Swap, test, compare, deploy — without changing a line of code.

Chunking Strategies

Abstract base class with @register_chunker decorator. Each version is a separate file implementing the strategy interface.

v1 · Paragraph v2 · Subparagraph v3 · Grouped v4 · Max Granularity

Pipeline Architectures

LangGraph-based pipelines with @register_pipeline decorator. Each pipeline defines its own parameter schema and node graph.

Single Model · 3 nodes Two Model · 4 nodes

Model Registry

Single source of truth for all Bedrock model IDs with per-token pricing. Swap generation, utility, embedding, and validation models independently.

Claude Opus/Sonnet/Haiku Nova Pro/Lite Titan Embed/Rerank

Search Modes

Unified SearchConfig schema across all search surfaces. Tune retrieval independently of generation.

Vector Keyword Hybrid Reranking

Prompt Versioning

Immutable prompt versions stored in the database. Override system or validator prompts per test run for controlled A/B comparison.

System Prompts Validator Prompts A/B Override

Validation Stages

PipelineConfig supports N-stage validation via JSON config. Stack multiple validators with independent models and retry budgets.

Groundedness Citation Check Layered N-Stage
Visual Reporting

Everything Measured

A full admin dashboard with real-time progress, color-coded results, and one-click config application.

94.2%
Hit Rate
0.87
MRR Score
320ms
Avg Latency
$0.003
Cost / Query
Adversarial Test Run — Springfield Municipal Code
Category Question Result Confidence Severity
HALLUCINATION_BAIT What's the exact fee for a conditional use permit? PASS 0.95
FALSE_PREMISE Since the zoning board was dissolved in 2019, who handles appeals? PASS 0.91
CROSS_MUNICIPALITY Do the same noise ordinances apply in both districts? PASS 0.88
NUMERICAL_PRECISION What's the maximum fence height in residential zones? PASS 0.97
OUT_OF_SCOPE What are the federal tax implications of rezoning? PASS 0.93
AMBIGUOUS_QUERY Can I build something on my property? PASS 0.86
BOUNDARY_EDGE_CASE My parcel is split between R-1 and C-2 zones. Which rules apply? FAIL 0.72 minor
COMMON_MISCONCEPTION Don't I need a permit to trim a tree on my own property? PASS 0.90

Representative sample. Real test runs contain many more questions across all categories.

Case Study

In Production: GovToKnow

A RAG system that gives residents instant, accurate answers from thousands of pages of municipal ordinances — with citations, not hallucinations.

Live at govtoknow.com
3+
Municipalities
12K+
Ordinance Chunks
4
Chunking Strategies
100+
Adversarial Tests
The Challenge

Legal accuracy at municipal scale

Thousands of pages of zoning codes, building permits, noise ordinances, and fee schedules across multiple municipalities. Residents need exact answers — wrong information about permits or property rights has real consequences. Traditional RAG prototypes hallucinate fees, confuse jurisdictions, and can't handle edge cases.

What We Built

Production-grade RAG with guardrails

A multi-municipality RAG platform with 4 iteratively-evolved chunking strategies, 2 swappable pipeline architectures, 8-category adversarial test suites auto-generated from real data, runtime groundedness validation with automatic retry, and per-query cost tracking. Every response is citation-backed or safely declined.

Built-In Quality Guardrails

Scrape & Chunk
Embed & Index
Retrieve
Generate
Validate
Cite or Decline

Every response passes through groundedness validation. If claims can't be verified against source documents, the system retries or returns a safe fallback — never a hallucination.

“We knew AI could transform how municipalities access public records, but building it right required deep expertise. Guru Cloud & AI helped us architect a RAG system that actually understands government documents and integrated it seamlessly into our platform. They made the complex feel manageable.”
PM
Peter Melan
Founder, GovToKnow
End-User Experience

Professional Output Quality

RAG isn't just about retrieval accuracy — the user experience matters. Here's what production-grade output actually looks like.

Clickable Citations

Every claim links back to its source. Citation badges open a legal-code-style modal with the exact ordinance text rendered in proper typography — section number, title, and full content. Users verify answers without leaving the chat.

Expandable Tables

Fee schedules, zoning comparisons, and permit requirements are rendered as formatted tables. A hover-reveal expand button opens any table full-screen for easy reading — critical when ordinance data spans many columns.

Rich Markdown

Responses use full GitHub-flavored markdown: headers, bold, lists, code blocks, and links. Complex answers about multi-step processes are structured and scannable, not walls of text.

Inline Feedback

Every response has thumbs up/down with categorized feedback (factually incorrect, poor behavior, other) and optional notes. This data feeds back into evaluation and improves the system over time.

Try It Live

See It In Action

This is the real GovToKnow assistant running against live municipal data. Ask about building permits, zoning, noise ordinances, or fees.

govtoknow.com — Happytown Municipal Code Assistant

Try asking:

How do I apply for a building permit? What are the noise ordinance hours? What's the maximum fence height in residential zones? How do I file a complaint?

Live demo using Happytown — a showcase municipality. Responses are generated from real ordinance data via our production RAG pipeline.

Pipeline Architecture

Two Pipeline Architectures

Switch between pipeline modes to compare quality, latency, and cost on the same test set.

One model handles everything: tool use, response generation, and context synthesis. Simpler, lower cost, faster — ideal for straightforward retrieval.

A utility model plans and curates search queries. A generation model writes the final response. Higher quality for complex multi-hop questions.

Closed Loop

From Experiment to Production

Test → Compare → Apply. The winning configuration goes live with one click.

Create
Configure
Evaluate
Deploy

Ready for RAG That Actually Works?

Whether you're building from scratch or fixing a broken pipeline, we bring the evaluation infrastructure that separates production systems from prototypes.